Understanding Contracts of Employment in Poland: What You Need to Know

A contract of employment, or umowa o pracę, is arguably the most desirable form of employment among Polish nationals. It offers a range of benefits and protections that are often seen as crucial for job security and professional stability. However, it’s essential to recognize that while this might be the preferred choice for many Polish citizens, it may not be the best option for all foreign nationals looking to work in Poland. In this blog post, we will explore what a contract of employment entails, its various forms, and whether it’s the right choice for you.

What is a Contract of Employment? 

A contract of employment is a legal agreement that outlines the mutual obligations of an employer and an employee. For the employee, it signifies a commitment to perform work for the employer consistently, within agreed-upon hours and at a specified location. In return, the employer agrees to provide remuneration to the employee. It’s important to note that this contract must be documented in writing. Both parties should sign the agreement, and any ambiguities should be addressed in accordance with the Labour Code to ensure compliance with Polish labor laws.

Key Elements of a Contract of Employment
While there is some flexibility in drafting contracts of employment, certain essential components must be included to ensure legality and clarity:

1. Identification of the Parties: Full details of both the employer and the employee.
2. Type and Place of Work: A clear description of the job position and the workplace location.
3. Salary: Information regarding remuneration, including payment frequency.
4. Start Date: The date when the employment begins.
5. Working Hours: Typically, a standard full-time work schedule is 40 hours per week, often set at 8 hours per day across 5 days.

Types of Employment Contracts in Poland

Poland recognizes several types of contracts of employment, each with varying rights and obligations. The most common types include:

1. Indefinite Employment Contracts: These contracts offer permanent employment, providing stability and security.
2. Fixed-Term Employment Contracts: These are set for a specific duration and automatically expire when the term ends.
3. Probationary Contracts: Typically lasting three to six months, these contracts allow employers to evaluate a potential employee’s performance before offering more permanent employment.
4. Replacement Employment Contracts: Used when a worker is temporarily replaced due to absence.
5. Contracts for Specific Tasks: These contracts specify the completion of particular tasks rather than a duration of employment.
6. Vocational Training Contracts: Focused on training, these contracts aim to equip employees with relevant skills for specific job functions.

Advantages of a Contract of Employment

So, why do many people in Poland prioritize contracts of employment? Here are several notable benefits:

1. Entitlement to Benefits: Employees working under a contract of employment are entitled to numerous benefits outlined in the Labour Code, including paid holidays, health insurance, and parental leave.
2. Social Contributions: Employers are obligated to pay social security contributions, which contribute to employee pensions and health coverage.
3. Job Security: Employees benefit from protections against unfair contract termination, ensuring that their rights are upheld.
4. Minimum Wage Guarantee: Contracts of employment ensure that workers receive at least the legally mandated minimum wage.

Disadvantages of a Contract of Employment

While there are numerous advantages, it's essential to consider some potential downsides:

• Reduced Flexibility: Employees may find themselves tied to specific working hours and locations, limiting their freedom compared to freelance or contract work.
• Restrictions on Delegation: Employees are generally unable to delegate their work to subcontractors, making it difficult to share responsibilities or manage workloads externally.

Share Your Experiences

Have you ever held a contract of employment in Poland? We invite you to share your experiences—good or bad—in the comments below! Your insights can help others navigate the complexities of employment in Poland.

What do you think? Is a Contract of Employment Right for You?

Ultimately, whether a contract of employment is the right choice for you as a foreigner in Poland depends on your personal circumstances and career goals. Consider the advantages and disadvantages carefully, and make sure to seek professional advice if you require assistance in understanding the legalities and implications of such contracts in your specific situation.

If you have questions or need help navigating your employment options in Poland, don’t hesitate to reach out to us. Our team is here to provide guidance and support to help you make informed decisions about your career!